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Open-ear earbuds are an emerging design that has recently gained much visibility with the launch by Apple of their AirPods 4. The open-ear design provides comfort for extended use and enhances situational awareness by allowing ambient sound to enter the ear canal. As people wear earbuds for increasingly longer hours, open-ear designs are gaining traction, particularly in Asia. Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) is now an anticipated feature in most earbuds. However, implementing ANC in open-ear designs is a real challenge, which Apple claims to have solved for loose-fit designs for the first time with the AirPods 4 thanks to their proprietary H2 processor. The effectiveness is half that of their sealed AirPods Pro 2. The primary difficulties in implementing Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) for open-ear designs are multifaceted: Noise Cancellation: ANC involves both passive and active methods. In an open-ear design, passive cancellation is by definition almost nonexistent, allowing more e
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