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SpringMVC中响应数据和结果视图（完整代码演示）

牛哄哄的柯南 · CSDN · · 2021-01-31 20:15

文章预览

响应数据和结果视图

代码目录结构
返回值分类
转发和重定向
ResponseBody响应json数据

代码目录结构

在这里插入图片描述
User类：

package com.Keafmd.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: User
 * @Description:
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-01-30 9:59
 */
public class User implements Serializable {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Integer age;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.keafmd</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_day02_01_response</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc_day02_01_response Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

    <!-- 版本锁定 -->
    <spring.version>5.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>

  </properties>


  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>



  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc_day02_01_response</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

springmvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 开启注解扫描，配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.Keafmd"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--告诉前端控制器，哪些静态资源，不拦截-->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />




    <!-- 开启SpringMVC框架注解支持，注解配置spring开启注解mvc的支持 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>


</beans>

success.jsp：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Keafmd
  Date: 2021/1/30
  Time: 9:40
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

    <h1>执行成功</h1>

    ${user.toString()}

</body>
</html>

返回值分类

字符串

UserController类：

package com.Keafmd.controller;

import com.Keafmd.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: UserController
 * @Description:
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-01-30 9:52
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    /**
     * 返回字符串
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testString")
    public String testString(Model model){

        String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
        String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
        System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
        //模拟从数据库中查询User对象
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("Keafmd");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        user.setAge(21);
        //model对象
        model.addAttribute("user",user);
        return "success";
    }

}

response.jsp：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Keafmd
  Date: 2021/1/30
  Time: 9:40
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

    <a href="user/testString">testString</a><br/>
    
</body>
</html>

运行效果：

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testString

在这里插入图片描述

void

1.如果控制器的方法返回值编写成void，执行程序报404的异常，默认查找JSP页面没有找到， 文.件[/WEB-INF/pages/user/testVoid.jsp] 未找到 。
2.可以使用请求转发或者重定向跳转到指定的页面。

UserController类：

    /**
     * 返回void
     * 请求转发是一次请求，不用编写项目的名称
     * @param
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testVoid")
    public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
        String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
        System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
        //文.件[/WEB-INF/pages/user/testVoid.jsp] 未找到

        //编写请求转发程序
        //手动转发不会使用视图解析器，需要自己写路径
        //request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);
        //如果这后面有代码，还是会继续执行的，不想执行加上return

        //编写重定向程序
        //response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");

        //设置中文乱码
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //直接进行响应
        response.getWriter().println("hello牛哄哄的柯南");

        return;
    }

response.jsp：

<a href="user/testVoid">testVoid</a><br/>

运行效果：

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testVoid

在这里插入图片描述

ModelAndView

ModelAndView对象是Spring提供的一个对象，可以用来调整具体的JSP视图。

UserController类：

    /**
     * 返回 ModelAndView
     * 返回String底层调用的就是ModelAndView
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
    public ModelAndView testModelAndView(){
        String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
        String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
        System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);

        //创建ModelAndView对象
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        //模拟从数据库中查询User对象
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("小兰");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        user.setAge(21);
        //把User对象存到mv对象中，也会把user对象存入request对象
        mv.addObject("user",user);
        //跳转到哪个页面
        mv.setViewName("success");

        return mv;
    }

response.jsp：

<a href="user/testModelAndView">testModelAndView</a><br/>

运行效果：

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testModelAndView

在这里插入图片描述

转发和重定向

UserController类：

    /**
     * 使用关键字进行转发或重定向
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testForwardOrRedirect")
    public String testForwardOrRedirect(){
        String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
        String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
        System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);

        //请求的转发
        //return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";

        //重定向
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }

response.jsp：

<a href="user/testForwardOrRedirect">testForwardOrRedirect</a><br/>

运行效果：

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testForwardOrRedirect

在这里插入图片描述

ResponseBody响应json数据

json字符串和JavaBean对象互相转换的过程中，需要使用jackson的jar包：

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>

response.jsp：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Keafmd
  Date: 2021/1/30
  Time: 9:40
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script>
        //页面加载，绑定页面单击事件
        $(function (){
            $('#btn').click(function (){
                //alert("hello btn")
                $.ajax({
                    //编写json格式。设置属性和值
                    url:"user/testAjax",
                    contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
                    data:'{"username":"Keafmd","password":"666","age":"21"}',
                    dataType:"json",
                    type:"post",
                    success:function (data){
                        //data指的是服务器端响应的数据，进行解析
                        alert(data);
                        alert(data.username);
                        alert(data.password);
                        alert(data.age);
                    }
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>

    <button id="btn">发送ajax的请求</button>

</body>
</html>

UserController类：

package com.Keafmd.controller;

import com.Keafmd.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: UserController
 * @Description:
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-01-30 9:52
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    /**
     * 模拟异步请求响应
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testAjax")
    public @ResponseBody User testAjax(@RequestBody User user){
        String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
        String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
        System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
        //客户端发送ajax请求，传的是json字符串，后端把json字符串封装到user对象中
        System.out.println(user);
        //做相应，模拟查询数据库
        user.setUsername("小兰");
        user.setPassword("123");

        return user;
    }

}

运行效果：

执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testAjax
User{username='Keafmd', password='666', age=21}

在这里插入图片描述

以上就是SpringMVC中响应数据和结果视图的全部内容。

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在这里插入图片描述

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共同努力！

Keafmd

………………………………

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